About two years ago I submitted a thesis which was approved by the Calcutta University for my Premchand Roychand Studentship. It was subsequently developed into the present work. As indicated by its title, it is an attempt to trace the history of the maritime activity of the Indians in all its forms from the earliest times. It deals with what is undoubtedly one of the most interesting, but at the same time often forgotten, chapters of Indian history. The subject, so far as my information goes, has not been treated systematically by any writer, and has not received by any means the attention it deserves. This is my excuse for attempting this subject, but the attempt, from its -very nature, is beset with difficulties. The field of work is new and almost unexplored, and one has to work at it singlehanded. I have had to depend chiefly on my own resources for the discovery, collection, and arrangement
of the materials.