Description: Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris. Prince Azim-us-Shan (15 December 1664 – 18 March 1712) was the second son of Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah I, by his second wife, Maharajkumari Amrita Bai Sahiba. He was the grandson of Emperor Aurangzeb, during whose reign, he was the subahdar (viceroy) of Bengal Subah, Bihar and Odisha from 1697 to his death in 1712, and the great grandson of Emperor Shah Jahan. Reign Azim ush-Shan on the imperial throne receives the investiture of Khizr In 1697 he was appointed the viceroy of Bengal Subah, Bihar and Odisha by Emperor Aurangzeb.[1] Shortly after, he took successful military initiative against Rahim Khan. Azim gave the East India Company permission to build Fort William in Calcutta (presently Kolkata) in 1696. Using Mughal permission, the Dutch also built Fort Gustavas in Chinsura and the French built Fort Orleans in Chandernagore (presently Chandannagar).[1] Azim got into conflict with Murshid Quli Khan, the newly appointed Divan of Bengal, over imperial financial control. Considering the complaint of Murshid Quli Khan, Aurangzeb ordered Azim to move to Bihar.[1] In 1703 he transferred the capital to Rajmahal and then again to Pataliputra (present-day Patna). He renamed Pataliputra to Azimabad after his own name. Born Muhammad Azimuddin 15 December 1664 Agra Fort Died 18 March 1712 (aged 47) Near Agra Burial: Humayun Tomb Wife's: Bai Jas Kaur Aisha Begum Gitti Ara Begum Sahiba Niswan Issue: Muhammad Karim Mirza Humayun Bakht Mirza Ruh-ul-Daula Mirza Ahsanullah Mirza Farrukhsiyar In 1712, at the time of his father's death, he immediately proclaimed himself emperor. However, he was killed (drowned in the Ravi River) shortly afterwards in the succession struggles that ensued.