During the 18th century India was colonized by European colonial powers, through trade and later on by conquests. The disintegration and decline of the Mughal Empire in the early 18th century and the destabilization of the Maratha power following the third battle of Panipat resulted in the emergence of Europeans as a powerful force in the region. In the later part of the 18th century Britain and France struggled for the authority both by using Indian rulers and by direct military intervention. The British had already gained direct or indirect control over almost all the parts of India. In this study, the theme under discussion will be period in 19th and 20th centuries.